Pogulanyemba za khofi, nthawi zambiri timawona zambiri pamapaketi monga mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kukula kwa kugaya, mulingo wowotcha, ndipo nthawi zina mafotokozedwe a kukoma. Sikovuta kupeza kutchulidwa kulikonse kwa kukula kwa nyemba, koma kwenikweni, ichi ndichiyeso chofunikira choyezera khalidwe.
Sizing Classification System
Chifukwa chiyani kukula kuli kofunika? Kodi zimakhudza bwanji kukoma? Kodi nyemba yokulirapo imatanthauza zabwinoko nthawi zonse? Tisanafufuze mafunso amenewa, choyamba timvetsetse mfundo zina zofunika.
Panthawi yokonza nyemba za khofi, opanga amasankha nyemba ndi kukula kwake pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa "screening."
Kuwunika kumagwiritsa ntchito masieve amitundu yambiri okhala ndi mauna osiyanasiyana kuyambira mainchesi 20/64 (8.0 mm) mpaka mainchesi 8/64 (3.2 mm) kusiyanitsa kukula kwa nyemba.
Makulidwe awa, kuyambira 20/64 mpaka 8/64, amatchedwa "makalasi" ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa mtundu wa nyemba za khofi.
Chifukwa Chiyani Kukula Ndi Kofunika?
Nthawi zambiri, nyemba ya khofi ikakula, imakhala yabwino kwambiri. Izi zili choncho makamaka chifukwa nyemba zimakhala ndi nthawi yotalikirapo komanso nthawi yokhwima pamtengo wa khofi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale fungo lokoma komanso lokoma.
Pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya khofi, Arabica ndi Robusta, yomwe imapanga 97% ya khofi padziko lonse lapansi, nyemba zazikulu kwambiri zimatchedwa "Maragogipe," kuyambira 19/64 mpaka 20/64 mainchesi. Komabe, pali zosiyana, monga nyemba zazing'ono komanso zowonongeka "Peaberry", zomwe zidzakambidwe pambuyo pake.
Magiredi Osiyanasiyana Akukula Ndi Makhalidwe Awo
Nyemba zokhala pakati pa 18/64 ndi 17/64 mainchesi zimatchedwa "Zazikulu". Malingana ndi kumene anachokera, akhoza kukhala ndi mayina enieni monga "Supremo" (Colombia), "Superior" (Central America), kapena "AA" (Africa ndi India). Ngati muwona mawu awa pamapaketi, nthawi zambiri amawonetsa nyemba za khofi zapamwamba kwambiri. Nyembazi zimakhwima kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo zikakonzedwa bwino, zokometsera zake zimamveka bwino.
Chotsatira ndi nyemba "Zapakatikati", zomwe zimakhala pakati pa 15/64 ndi 16/64 mainchesi, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti "Excelso," "Segundas," kapena "AB." Ngakhale amakhwima kwa nthawi yofupikitsa pang'ono, ndikukonzedwa moyenera, amatha kukwaniritsa kapena kupitilira kuchuluka kwa kapu ya nyemba zazikulu.
Nyemba zokhala ndi mainchesi 14/64 zimatchedwa Nyemba zazing'ono (zotchedwanso "UCQ," "Terceras," kapena "C"). Izi nthawi zambiri zimatengedwa ngati nyemba zotsika, ngakhale kukoma kwake kumakhala kovomerezeka. Komabe, lamulo ili silokwanira. Mwachitsanzo, ku Ethiopia, kumene nthawi zambiri amalimitsa nyemba zing’onozing’ono, zikakonzedwa bwino, nyemba zing’onozing’onozi zimathanso kutulutsa kafungo kabwino komanso kafungo kabwino.
Nyemba zazing'ono kuposa mainchesi 14/64 zimatchedwa "Shell" nyemba ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikiza khofi wotchipa. Komabe, pali chosiyana - nyemba za "Peaberry", ngakhale zazing'ono, zimatengedwa ngati nyemba zamtengo wapatali.
Kupatulapo
Nyemba za Maragogipe
Nyemba za Maragogipe zimapangidwa makamaka ku Africa ndi India, koma chifukwa cha kukula kwake, zimakhala zowotcha mosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke. Chifukwa chake, samatengedwa ngati nyemba zapamwamba. Komabe, nkhaniyi ikukhudza mitundu ya Arabica ndi Robusta.
Palinso mitundu iwiri yaing'ono yomwe imapanga 3% ya zokolola zapadziko lonse - Liberica ndi Excelsa. Mitundu iyi imabala nyemba zazikulu, zofanana kukula kwake ndi Maragogipe, koma chifukwa chakuti nyemba zimakhala zolimba, zimakhala zokhazikika panthawi yokazinga ndipo zimatengedwa kuti ndi zapamwamba kwambiri.
Nyemba za Peaberry
Nyemba za Peaberry zimachokera ku 8/64 mpaka 13/64 mainchesi kukula. Ngakhale kuti ndi ang'onoang'ono, nthawi zambiri amadziwika kuti ndi "khofi wapadera" wokoma kwambiri komanso wonunkhira kwambiri, omwe nthawi zina amatchedwa "khofi".
Zomwe Zikukhudza Kukula kwa Nyemba za Khofi
Kukula kwa nyemba za khofi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma zinthu zachilengedwe monga nyengo ndi kutalika zimathandizanso kwambiri.
Ngati dothi, nyengo, ndi kukwera kwake sizili bwino, nyemba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimatha kukhala theka la kukula kwake, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotsika.
Komanso, ngakhale pansi pazikhalidwe zomwezo, kukhwima kwa zipatso pamtengo womwewo wa khofi kumatha kusiyana. Chotsatira chake, kukolola kamodzi kungaphatikizepo nyemba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Mapeto
Pambuyo powerenga nkhaniyi, anthu ambiri angayambe kumvetsera kukula kwa nyemba za khofi posankha nyemba zawomakina a khofi okha basi. Ichi ndi chinthu chabwino chifukwa tsopano mukumvetsa tanthauzo la kukula kwa nyemba pa kukoma.
Izi zinati, ambirimakina a khofieni ake amasakanizanso nyemba zazikuluzikulu, kusintha mwaluso mitundu, kuwotcha, ndi njira zofukira kuti apange zokometsera modabwitsa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-21-2025
